“Foundational Documents” Required in New Jersey DWI Cases Involving the Alcotest

Prosecutors in New Jersey must prove every element of the offense of driving while intoxicated (DWI) beyond a reasonable doubt. In cases that rely on breath testing to establish blood alcohol content (BAC), this includes evidence that the equipment used by police met the requirements of state law. Our firm was involved in a landmark 2008 ruling by the New Jersey Supreme Court, State v. Chun, which established procedures for maintaining and calibrating the breath-testing device used by most New Jersey police departments. The court’s decision also identified a set of “foundational documents” that prosecutors must produce to establish that police have followed these procedures. In September 2018, the New Jersey Appellate Division ruled in State v. Ogden on a challenge to the foundational documents offered by the state in a DWI case.

Under the New Jersey DWI statute, BAC of 0.08 percent or above creates a presumption of impairment. State law therefore requires drivers suspected of DWI to submit a breath sample for testing by police. Most police departments around the state use a device commonly known as the Alcotest to test breath samples. These devices have been controversial because of concerns over the training of the officers administering the tests, and the accuracy of the test results. The New Jersey Supreme Court ruled in Chun that Alcotest results are admissible in court, provided that the state meets strict requirements for the maintenance of the devices and the conditions in which breath tests may be performed.

In addition to offering evidence that police followed the testing procedures established by Chun, such as a twenty-minute waiting period before a DWI suspect may submit a breath sample, police must establish that the Alcotest device had been properly calibrated and was in good working order when the defendant was tested. The court identified three “foundational documents” in Chun that prosecutors must produce:
1. The most recent calibration report for the device from before the date of the defendant’s test, which must include information on the credentials of the individual who did the calibration;
2. The most recent “new standard solution report”; and
3. The “certificate of analysis of the 0.10 simulator solution used in a defendant’s control tests.”

The defendant in Ogden was pulled over “for driving with a taillight that was not illuminated.” The officer who initiated the stop testified that he detected “the odor of alcohol emanating from the vehicle,” and also noticed physical signs of intoxication. After the defendant reportedly failed field sobriety tests, he was placed under arrest, and a breath test was administered.

During discovery, prosecutors provided copies of the Alcotest operator card and coordinator card, which establish that the officer has received training to operate and calibrate the device, respectively. The defendant argued at trial that the state had failed to satisfy the requirements of Chun because it had not introduced these documents into evidence. The municipal court disagreed. The Appellate Division affirmed the lower court’s verdict, as well as its finding that “the calibration documents were sufficient proof that [the officer] had the ability, qualifications, and authority to operate and calibrate the Alcotest.”

DWI attorney Evan Levow advocates for the rights of people who have been charged with alleged DWI in New Jersey municipal courts. He can help you understand your rights, guide you through the court process, and prepare the best possible defense for you. Please contact us today online or at (877) 593-1717 to schedule a free and confidential consultation to see how our knowledgeable and experienced team can help you.

More Blog Posts:

Court Reviews Accuracy of Alcotest Device Used in New Jersey DWI Cases, New Jersey DWI Attorney Blog, October 12, 2018

Evidence in New Jersey DWI Cases, Part 2: Chemical Testing, New Jersey DWI Attorney Blog, December 28, 2017

How Failing to Provide Enough of a Breath Sample Can Lead to a Refusal Charge in New Jersey, New Jersey DWI Attorney Blog, October 25, 2017